A potentiometer functions as which of the following?

A potentiometer functions as a variable voltage divider because it allows for adjustable output voltage based on the position of the wiper, which slides along a resistive element. In a typical setup, a potentiometer has three terminals: two connected to the ends of a resistive track and one connected to the wiper. By turning the knob or sliding the wiper, you can change the resistance in the circuit, effectively dividing the voltage based on the position of the wiper. This ability to adjust the voltage output makes it essential in various applications, such as controlling volume in audio equipment or adjusting brightness in lights.

While a fixed voltage divider provides a constant voltage ratio based on fixed resistances, the key distinguishing feature of a potentiometer is its capacity for adjustment, which is why it is classified as a variable voltage divider.