How many diodes does a full-wave rectifier utilize?

A full-wave rectifier typically uses two diodes to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). The essential function of a full-wave rectifier is to allow both halves of the AC signal to be utilized, making it more efficient than a half-wave rectifier, which only uses one half of the waveform.

In a full-wave rectifier configuration, these two diodes are arranged in such a way that during the positive half-cycle of the AC input, one diode conducts and allows current to flow through the load. During the negative half-cycle, the second diode conducts, again allowing current to flow through the load but in the same direction as during the positive half-cycle. This results in a smoother and more constant output voltage compared to half-wave rectification, which delivers output voltage that pulses with the frequency of the input AC signal.

Thus, the use of two diodes enables the full-wave rectifier to effectively harness the full AC waveform, leading to improved performance in converting AC to DC.